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Q215,是一种<a href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/650873.htm" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(19, 110, 194);" target="_blank">碳素结构钢</a>。</div>
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Q215焊管是一种<a href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/650873.htm" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(19, 110, 194);" target="_blank">碳素结构钢</a>。Q--屈服,215--为该牌号最小屈服点(σs)值。 此类钢一般由转炉或平炉冶炼,其主要原料为铁水加废钢,钢中硫、磷含量高于优质碳素结构钢,一般硫≤0.050%,磷≤0.045%。由原料带入钢中的其他合金元素含量,如铬、镍、铜一般不超过0.30%,按成分和性能要求,此类钢的牌号由<a href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/1617611.htm" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(19, 110, 194);" target="_blank">Q195</a>,Q215A、B,Q235A、B、C、D,Q255A、B,Q275等钢级表示。</div>
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注:“Q”是屈服的“屈”字的汉语拼音大写字头,其后数字为该牌号最小屈服点(σs)值,其后的符号是按照该钢杂质元素(硫、磷)含量由高到低并伴随碳、锰元素的变化而分为A、B、C、D四等。</div>
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此类钢产量最大,用途很广,多轧制成板材、型材(圆、方、扁、工、槽、角等)及异型材以及制造焊接钢管。主要用于厂房、桥梁、船舶等建筑结构和一般输送流体用管道。此类钢一般不经热处理直接使用。</div>
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【化学成分】(质量分数)(%)</div>
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C:≤0.15</div>
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Mn:≤1.20</div>
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Si:≤0.35</div>
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S:≤0.050(A级),≤0.045(B级)</div>
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P:≤0.045</div>
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脱氧方法:F、Z</div>
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【力学性能】</div>
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屈服强度(N/mm2)</div>
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≥215(a≦16mm),≥205(a>16-40mm)</div>
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≥195(a>40-60mm),≥185(a>60-100mm)</div>
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≥175(a>100-150mm),≥165(a>150-200mm)</div>
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<a href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/52178.htm" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(19, 110, 194);" target="_blank">抗拉强度</a>(σb/MPa):大于355</div>
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<a href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/499391.htm" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(19, 110, 194);" target="_blank">伸长率</a>(δ5/%):大于13%</div>
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≥31(a≤40mm),≥30(a>40-60mm)</div>
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≥29(a>60-100mm),≥27(a>100-150mm)</div>
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≥26(a>150-200mm)</div>
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其中 a 为<a href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/71353.htm" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(19, 110, 194);" target="_blank">钢材</a>厚度或直径。</div>
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【冷弯性能】</div>
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180° <a href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/3937295.htm" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(19, 110, 194);" target="_blank">冷弯试验</a></div>
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d=0.5a (纵向)d=a(横向)(B=2a: ≤60mm),</div>
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d=1.5a (纵向)d=2a(横向)(B=2a: >60~100mm)</div>
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钢材厚度或直径大于100mm时,弯曲试验由双方协商确定。</div>
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其中d 为弯心直径,B 为试样宽度,a 为试样厚度或直径。</div>
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【冲击试验】</div>
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(B级)</div>
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温度:+20℃</div>
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V型<a href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/499396.htm" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(19, 110, 194);" target="_blank">冲击吸收功</a>(纵向)Ak/J:≥27</div>
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【主要特性】</div>
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具有高的塑性、韧性和焊接性能,良好的压力加工性能,但强度低。</div>
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【应用举例】</div>
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用于制造地脚螺栓、犁铧、烟筒、屋面板、铆钉、低碳钢丝、薄板、<a href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/359747.htm" style="text-decoration: none; color: rgb(19, 110, 194);" target="_blank">焊管</a>、拉杆、吊钩、支架、焊接结构等。</div>